Friday, December 2, 2011

Brain Microchip Faster Than Humans

Posted by Anonymous at 11:03 AM 0 Comments

By emulating electrical ions in the human nervous systems with the electronic charge in a custom analog microchip, MIT researchers claim to have created an artificial brain technology that learns even faster than the human brain.

IBM's Watson recently showed that supercomputers can play the game show "Jeopardy" just as well or better than humans. The one advantage that humans still had over software simulations of learning and recall was that a human's analog nervous system was smaller and lower power than the room full of high-performance servers needed for Watson. Now, by using low-power hardware emulations of human neural networks, instead of software simulations on high-performance supercomputers, Massachusetts Institute of Technology researchers predict that microchip-sized artificial brains will learn-and-recall even faster than humans.
MIT's brain-like microchip uses more than 400 transistors and other support circuits to emulate the ionic fluids that cause real brains to learn. (Source: MIT)
In this age of computer-aided design (CAD), software simulations have become the first approximation for any smart system. The decision as to which parts of a design--if any--to implement as a hardware emulation often depends on the results of the software simulations. By identifying the most often used routines and approximating how much faster hardware emulations would speed up execution, the question of whether the extra cost of accelerators or custom application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) can be evaluated. Emulators outperform simulators by recreating an analog function in another medium. With this new work, the researchers use electronic charge in place of chemical ions.
For speeding up human learning-and-recall simulations, Professor Chi-Sang Poon, MIT's principal research scientist in the Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, and associates have created a hardware emulation of the brain's learning element--the synapse. Brain cells are connected by synapses that grow when voltage spikes cause learning, and atrophy when their absence causes forgetting. Poon claims his electronic synapses emulate both learning and forgetting even faster than in humans, by virtue of using electronic charges in wires as opposed to chemical ions in neurotransmitter channels.
"We wanted to mimic brain functions realistically, by capturing the intracellular processes that are ion-channel-based, not just the voltage spikes," said Poon. "Our model now captures all the ionic processes going on inside a synapse."
MIT's artificial synapse could eventually become a circuit element in a neural prosthetic--such as the artificial retinas that cure blindness--and may eventually be replicated across very-large-scale integrated circuits (VLSIs), where millions could emulate whole brain regions like the pattern-recognition capabilities of the visual cortex. Today, however, the MIT researchers are still perfecting a single synapse, which so far requires about 400 transistors. Poon did the research with fellow MIT professor Mark Bear, University of Texas professor Harel Shouval and former MIT postdoctoral researcher Guy Rachmuth.

Share This Post

Get Updates

Subscribe to our Mailing List. We'll never share your Email address.

0 comments:

THANKS FOR UR COMMENT ....

Categories

Labels

AERONAUTICAL AEROSPACE AGRICULTURE ANDROID Android project titles Animation projects Artificial Intelligence AUTOMOBILE BANK JOBS BANK RECRUITMENTS BIG DATA PROJECT TITLES Bio instrumentation Project titles BIO signal Project titles BIO-TECHNOLOGY BIOINFORMATICS BIOMEDICAL Biometrics projects CAREER CAT 2014 Questions CHEMICAL CIVIL Civil projects cloud computing COMP- PROJ-DOWN COMPUTER SCIENCE PROJECT DOWNLOADS COMPUTER(CSE) CONFERENCE Data mining Projects Data protection. Design projects DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING IEEE Project titles Dot net projects EBOOKS ELECTRICAL MINI PROJECTS ELECTRICAL PROJECTS DOWNLOADS ELECTRONICS MINI PROJECTS ELECTRONICS PROJECT DOWNLOADS EMG PROJECTS employment Engineering projects Exams Facts final year projects FOOD TECHNOLOGY FREE IEEE 2014 project Free IEEE Paper FREE IEEE PROJECTS GATE GAte scorecard GOVT JOBS Green projects GSM BASED Guest authors HIGHWAY IEEE 2014 projects ieee 2015 projects IEEE computer science projects IEEE Paper IEEE PAPER 2015 ieee project titles IEEE projects IEEE Transactions INDUSTRIAL INNOVATIVE PROJECTS INTERFACING IT IT LIST Java projects labview projects LATEST TECHNOLOGY list of project centers Low cost projects m.com MARINE Matlab codes MATLAB PROJECT TITLES MATLAB PROJECTS MBA MBA 2015 projects MCA MECHANICAL MECHANICAL PROJECTS DOWNLOAD MINI PROJECTS modelling projects MP3 MP3 cutter Mp4 Networking topics ns2 projects online jobs PETROCHEMICAL PHYSIOLOGICAL MODELLING projects physiotheraphy Projects Power electronics power system projects PRODUCTION project centers project downloads Prosthesis projects RAILWAY RECRUITMENT 2012 Recent RECENT TECHNOLOGY RECENT TECHNOLOGY LIST RECRUITMENT Rehabilitation projects renewable power respiration projects RESUME FORMAT. Ring Tone Cutter Robotics projects. Robots in medical social network jobs Solar projects Songs Cutter Speech-music separation-Abstract structural engineering TECHNOLOGY technology management TELE COMMUNICATION TEXTILE TOP ENGINEERING COLLEGES Training VLSI

Disclaimer

This blogs is an effort to club the scattered information about engineering and project titles and ideas available in the web. While every effort is made to ensure the accuracy of the information on this site, no liability is accepted for any consequences of using it. Most of the material and information are taken from other blogs and site with the help of search engines. If any posts here are hitting the copyrights of any publishers, kindly mail the details to educations360@gmail.com It will be removed immediately.

Alexa Rank

back to top